Kangra District History | Brief Explanation
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| Kangra District History |
(A)Ancient history of Kangra princely state –
Kangra was famous as Trigarta in ancient times, which is believed to be established before the Mahabharata war. This princely state was founded by Bhumichand, whose capital was Multan (Pakistan). The 234th king of this dynasty (generation), Susharma, made him his capital upon the establishment of the fort at Kangra in Jalandhar Trigarta.
Trigarta means –
Trigarta literally means the terrain spread between three rivers Ravi, Vyasa and Sutlej. The confluence of Banganga, Kurali and Newgal is also called Trigarta.
Jalandhar –
The name Jalandhar, according to Padma purana and Cunninghan, is derived from the demon Jalandhar. Whom Lord Shiva killed.
Capital –
The capital of the princely state of Trigarta was Nagarkot (present Kangra city) which was also known as Bhimkot, Bhim Nagar and Susharmapur. The city was founded by Susharma. Mahmud Ghaznabi’s courtier Utvi in his book called it Bhimnagar, Farishta by Bhimkot, Alberuni as Nagarkot.
Description in books –
The name Trigarta is found in Mahabharata, Puranas and Rajatarangini. In the Ashtadhyayi of Panini, the Trigarta is called the Ordnance Association.
Mahabharata period –
In the war of Mahabharata, Susarma took the side of the Kauravas. He also attacked King Virat of Matsya country.
Meaning of Kangra –
Meaning of Kangra. Ear bastion When Lord Shiva killed the demon Janghar, the place where his ears fell, was later called Kangra.
European traveler –
1615 AD in Thomas Koryat, 1666 AD Thevenot in, Foster in 1783 and 1832 AD. William Moorecroft traveled to Kangra.
According to Rajatarangini 470 AD Best Army in, 520 ADS in Pravar Sena (both kings of Kashmir) invaded Trigarta and won it. Wensang 635 AD came to Kangra as a guest of King Utita (Udima) of Kangra. He was again in 643 AD. came to Kangra. King Prithivichad of Kangra (883-903) fought against King Shankar Varman of Kashmir.
(B) Medieval History – Mahmud Ghaznabi –
Mahmud Ghaznabi in 1009 AD. I invaded Kangra by defeating King Anandapaal of Auhind and his son Brahmpaal. The king of Kangra at that time was Jagdish Chandra. Kangda Fort 1043 AD Till the work of Turks. 1043 A.D. Kangra Fort was liberated by Tomar kings. But that 1051-52 AD. Karma went to Turkey again in 1060 AD. In Kangra kings again captured Kangra Fort.
Jaswan-
1701 AD in Padma Chand and Purvachand (founder of Jaswan kingdom) ruled Kangra. Purvachand got angry with his groom Padmachand and established a kingdom called Jaswa. Jaswa was the first branch (princely state) from Kangra. Its capital was ‘Rajpur’. Its rulers came to be called ‘Jaswal’.
Hridya Chandra –
King Hridya Chandra of Trigarta married his daughter Lakshana with King Lakshman Chandra of Keeragrama (Baijnath) who was his subordinate vassal. The inscription of Baijnath, which is in the ‘Sharda script’, is inscribed in it by Shak Samvat 1126, the year 1204 AD.
Tughlaq –
Prithvi Chand (1330 AD) of Muhammad bin Tughluq in 1337 AD. Was the king of Kangra at the time of the Kangra invasion. Rupchand (1360 AD) of Ferozeshah Tughlaq in 1365 AD Was the king of Kangra at the time of his invasion. Roopchand’s name is also found in ‘Manikchand’ drama ‘Dharmachandra Nataka’ which was 1562 AD. Was written around Firoz Shah Tughlaq took 1300 books from Jwalamukhi temple for translation into Persian. These books were translated into Persian by the name of ‘Dalil-e-Firozshahi’ by ‘Inzuddin Khalidkhani’. Nasiruddin, son of Ferozeshah Tughlaq, AD 1389. I fled and took refuge in Nagarkot hills, then the king of Kangra was Sagarchand (1375 AD). King Rupchand of Kangra in 1360 AD invaded Delhi and conquered it.
Timurlung –
King Meghchand of Kangra (1390 AD), 1398 AD. In Taimur Lang looted the hills of Shivalik. The year 1399 AD In return, Dhameri (Nurpur) was looted by Timurlang. King Alamchand of Hondur (Nalagarh) helped Timurlang.
Hari Chand-I (1405 AD) and Karmchand-Harichand-1
once went to Hadsar (Guler) for hunting where they fell into a well, separated from their 251 soldiers and did not meet for several days. He was considered dead and his brother Karmchand was made king. Harichand was discovered 21 days later by a businessman passerby. When Harichand got the news of his brother becoming king, he made a fort and capital in Haripur in 1405 AD of Guler state. Established in Even today Guler gets priority in every festival / festival of Kangra as he was founded by elder brother of Kangra dynasty. Sansar Chand-1 was the son of Karmchand who lived in 1430 AD became king.
Dharmachand (1528-63 AD) –
Dharmchand Sher Shah Suri and Humayun’s contemporary was the king of Kangra. 1562 AD during the reign of Dharmachand. In May, a Bhat named Manik Chand wrote a play called Dharmachand in which the description of King Roopchand of Kangra and Sultan Ferozeshah of Delhi is described.
Mughal dynasty –
Dharmachand (1528 AD to 1563 AD), Manik Chand (1563 AD to 1570 AD). Jaichand (1570 AD to 1585 AD) and Vidhychand (1585 AD to 1605 AD) were contemporary kings of Akbar. Raja Jaychand (1570 AD to 1585 AD) was imprisoned by Akbar with the help of Ramchand, the king of Guler. Vidhichand, son of King Jayachand, 1572 A.D. I rebelled against Akbar. Akbar sent Hussain Quli Khan to capture Kangra and give it to King Birbal. According to ‘Tabaqat-e-Akbari’, Khan Jahan wrote in 1572 AD. I captured the Kangra Fort but had to leave it due to the Punjab invasion of Husain Mirza and Masood Mirza. Akbar sent Todarmal to measure the mountainous regions. 1589 AD In Vidhanchand rebelled with the hill kings, but he was defeated. He had to keep his son Trilokchand as a hostage in the Mughal court.
Trilokchand (1605-1612 AD) –
Trilokchand 1605 AD I became the king of Kangra. In the same year Jahangir (1605 AD) also ascended the throne. Trilokchand was the contemporary king of Jahangir. Trilokchand 1605 AD I became the king of Kangra. In the same year Jahangir (1605 AD) also ascended the throne. Trilokchand was the contemporary king of Jahangir.
Trilokchand (1605-1612 AD) –
and Harichand-II (1612-1627 AD) were the kings of Kangra, contemporary of Jahangir. During Harichand-II, King Surajmal of Nurpur revolted and took refuge in Chamba. With the help of Surajmal’s younger brother Jagat Singh and Rai Rayan Vikramjit in 1620 AD. In Kangda Fort was captured by Nawab Ali Khan. Nawab Ali Khan was the first Mughal fortress of Kangra Fort. Jahangir came to Kangra with his wife Nur Jahan as Siwa Gular. Built a mosque in Kangra Fort. On his return he went back via Nurpur and Pathankot.
Chandrabhan Singh (from 1627 AD to 1660 AD) –
became the next king of Kangra dynasty whom the Mughals established a separate place by giving a fiefdom to the Rajgir. 1660 AD to Chandrabhan Singh. Aurangzeb arrested. –
Vijayaram Chand (1660 AD to 1697 AD) –
laid the foundation of the city of Bijapur and made it its capital.
Alam Chand (1697 AD to 1700 AD) –
1697 AD I laid the foundation of Alampur city near Sujanpur.
Hamir Chand (1700 AD to 1747 AD) –
Alamchand’s son Hamirchand built the fort at Hamirpur and laid the foundation of the town of Hamirpur. During this period Nawab Saifali Khan (1740 AD) became the last Mughal fortress of Kangra Fort.
Capital –
1660 AD From 1697 AD Bijapur until 1697 AD From 1748 AD till Alampur and 1761 AD From 1824 AD till Sujanpur was the capital of the princely state of Kangra. 1660-1824 AD Before and after Kangra was the capital city of Kangra which was built in 1855 AD. In the British shifted Dharamshala.
(C) Modern History of Kangra –
Abhaychand (1747 AD to 1750 AD) –
Abhaychand by Thakur and 1748 AD Established the fort at Tehra.
Ghamand Chand (1751 AD to 1774 AD) –
Ghamand Chand 1761 AD Laid the foundation of Sujanpur city. Boasting of Ahmad Shah Durrani’s invasion (of the Mughals), the arrogant Chand captured all his princely state except Kangra Fort. Ghamand Chand was born in 1759 AD. In Ahmad Shah Durrani formed the Nizam of Jalandhar Doab. Ghamand Chand’s 1774
Sansar Chand-II (1775 AD to 1824 AD) –
Jassa Singh Ramgarhia was the first Sikh to invade the hills of Kangra, Chamba, Nurpur. He was born in 1775 AD. In Jai Singh Kanhaiya defeated. Sansar Chand helped Jai Singh Kanhaiya to capture Kangra Fort in 1781 AD. called in. After the death of Saifali Khan, 1783 A.D. In Jai Singh Kanhaiya captured Kangra Fort. He made 1787 AD. I handed over the Kangra Fort to Sansar Chand and took the plains in return.
Sansar Chand’s Invasion –
Sansar Chand defeated the king of Chamba at Nerti Shahpur for Rihalu. He imprisoned the king of Mandi IshwariSense in Nadaun for 12 years, which was later rescued by Amar Singh Thapa. Sansar Chand in 1794 AD Invaded Bilaspur which later led to its downfall. King Mahan Chand of Kahlur (Bilaspur) invited Gorkha general Amar Singh Thapa to attack Sansar Chand. • George Foster (in 1783 AD), William Moorecroft (in 1820 AD) and George Treeback (in 1820 AD) came to Kangra at the time of Samsad Chad. Sansar Chand fell in love with Chamba’s Nokhu Gaddan.
The fall of Sansar Chand –
Amar Singh Thapa in 1805 AD. At Sambhar (Hamirpur) with the combined forces of Bilaspur, Suket, Sirmaur Chamba defeated Sansar Chand. Sansar Chand took refuge in Kangra Fort. Sansar Chand, with the help of Naurang Wazir, left Kangra Fort and in 1809 signed a volcano treaty with Maharaja Ranjit Singh. 1809 AD Maharaja Ranjit Singh defeated Amar Singh. Sansar Chand gave the Kangra Fort and 66 villages to Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Maharaja Ranjit Singh made Desa Singh Majithia the Nazim (Governor) of Kangra Fort and area. 1824 AD of Sansar Chand Died in Maharaja Ranjit Singh held Sansar Chand’s son Anirudh Chand with Fateh Singh Ahluwalia (in 1809 AD). After the death of Sansar Chand, Anirudh Chand sat on the throne, paying one lakh rupees to Ranjit Singh.
Anirudh Chand (1824) –
Maharaja Ranjit Singh asked Anirudh Chand for the hand of one of his sisters for Heera Singh, son of his Prime Minister Raja Dhyan Singh (Jammu). Anirudh Chand postponed his sisters to the king of Tehri Garhwal. Anirudh Chand himself reached Adinanagar with the British. Fatehchand, uncle of Anirudh Chand, married his granddaughter Hira Singh, son of Ranjit Singh, which pleased Ranjit Singh gifted him the estate of ‘Rajgir’. Jodhveerchand, son of Sansar Chand’s mistress, married his two sisters to Ranjit Singh.
1833 AD in Ranjit Singh, after the death of Anirudh Chand, his sons (Ranveer Chand and Pramodchand) jagir in Mahalmerio. The year 1846 AD Kangra came under full British domination. After Anirudh Chand, Ranbir Chand (1828 AD), Pramod Chand (1847 AD), Pratapchand (1857 AD), Jaichand (1864 AD) and Dhruv Dev Chand became the kings of Kangra.
King Jayachand was commissioned in the British Army in 1888. Was conferred the title of Major. Dhruvdevchand was the last king of Kangra princely state. 1850-51 A.D. After the death of King Pramodchand in Pratapchand, Rais of Lambagram was made the head of the Katoch dynasty. King Jaychand was also conferred the title of ‘Maharaja’. 1855 AD by the British. Moved the headquarters of Kangra to Dharamshala