River System of Himachal Pradesh / River System in Himachal Pradesh.
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| River System of Himachal Pradesh. |
(A) Drainage –
As many water currents come in a river enclosure and the water flows towards the main river, the entire region is called the drainage area, basin and enclosure of that river. The maximum land area of the water acquisition area of the total rivers of Himachal Pradesh is under the Satluj River (30.69%) and the minimum Yamuna river (0.67%). Vyas (24.50%), Chenab (14.2%) and Ravi (9.9%) are ranked second, third and fourth respectively.
(B) Two river systems (order) –
Himachal Pradesh Major rivers and their tributaries are part of the Indus river system and the Ganges river system. Himachal Pradesh rivers, Sutlej, Vyas, Ravi and Chenab rivers form an integral part of the Indus river system. While Tones, Pabbar, Giri, Bata, Yamuna form an integral part of the Ganges river system.
(C) The 5 major rivers of Himachal Pradesh –
Himachal Pradesh is mainly a region of 5 rivers. These rivers are – Satluj, Chenab, Ravi, Vyas, Yamuna.
(1) Ancient name •
Satluj –
Vedic name – (Satudri).
Sanskrit name – Shatadru.
Beas –
Vedic name – Arjikiya.
Sanskrit name – Vipasha.
Ravi –
Vedic name – Purushani.
Sanskrit name – Irawati.
Chenab –
Vedic name – Asikni.
Yamuna –
Vedic name – Kalindi.
(2) Watershed
Sutlej – 20000 sq. Km.
Ravi- 5451 sq. Km.
Chenab – 7500 sq Km
Beas – 12000 sq. Km.
Yamuna-2320 sq. Km.
(3) Tributaries
Sutlej –
Baspa, Spiti River, .
Ravi – Bhandal, Tatangri, Chhatrani, Saul, Sal, Burhil, Baljedi, Chirchind.
Chenab – Chandra, Bhaga River
Vyas – Baner, Banganga, Luni, Parvati, Sainj, Tirathan, Harla, Uhal
Yamuna – Giri, Tons, Pabbar, Andhra.
(4) Origin of Sutlej –
Mansarovar lake (Rakas lake), from Tibet (from Banasur Mansarovar brought Satluj to H.P.) Chenab – near Baralacha Dar from Tandi (Lahaul – Spiti), confluence of Chandra and Bhaga rivers. Vyas – Rohtang Rates (Bhrigu Tung) Ravi – Bada Bengal (Kangra) Yamuna – Kalid Mountains (Yamunotri) (5) Length • Sutlej – Total length 1448 km .. Flow area in Himachal Pradesh – 320 km. Yamuna – Total length 1525 km. , Yamuna has the lowest flow in Himachal Pradesh among these
5 rivers. Chenab – Total length 1200 km. Flow area in Himachal Pradesh – 122 km. Ravi – Total length 720 km. , Flow area in Himachal Pradesh – 158 km. Diameter – Total length 460 km. , Flow area in Himachal Pradesh – 256 km.
(6) Cities on the banks of rivers Sutlej – Namgyans, Kalpa, Rampur, Tattapani, Bilaspur Yamuna – Pota Sahib Vyas – Manali, Mandi, Kullu, Pandoh, Nadaun, Sujanpur, Dehra Gopipur Ravi – Chamba, Bharmour Chenab – Tandi.05
(7) Entry point Ravi – Ravi river originates from Himachal Pradesh from Khairi place of Chamba and enters Jammu and Kashmir. Yamuna – Yamuna Khodri enters Himachal Pradesh from Majri and leaves Himachal Pradesh at Tajewala and moves to Haryana. Sutlej – Sutlej Shipki enters Himachal Pradesh from Dare (Kinnaur) and enters Punjab from Bhakra village. The Baspa river joins the Sutlej in Kalpa. The Satluj enters Kinna and enters ‘Chhora’ in Shimla district. The Spiti river joins the ‘Namagia’ (Khab), (Kinnaur) in the Sutlej. Chenab – Chenab river enters Chamba from Bhujind and enters Chamba from Sansari drain and enters Kashmir. Vyasa – Vyasa enters Mandi from Bajaura and Kangol from Sandhol.
(1) H.P. Situated above the Sutlej River on the famous Kandorur Bridge (Bilaspur) -NH88, it is the highest bridge in Asia. Gambhar Bridge – Located in Bilaspur district on the Sutlej River. Tattapani Bridge – Located on the Shimla-Karsog road on the Sutlej River. Salapad Bridge – Mandi is situated on the Sutlej River on the Bilaspur border. On the Sutlej River, the Luhri Bridge (on the Shimla-Kullu border) and the Bangatu Bridge (Kinnaur) are located. The ash bridge is located on the Ravi river on the Chamba-Bharmour road. Khadamukh Bridge – It is situated on the Ravi River on the Chamba-Bharmour road. Satoun bridge – is situated on the Giri river on Pavanta – Shillai road in Sirmaur district. Jhalera Bridge (Una District) and Santoshgarh Bridge are located on the Swan River. Pandoh bridge (Mandi), Mandi bridge, Nadaun bridge, Dehra Gopipur bridge are located on the Beas river.
